Security and governance

Adversarial example

stable definition

Definition

An adversarial example is an input deliberately constructed or modified to induce an incorrect or targeted model response.

Distinguish it from nearby terms

Prompt injection changes model instruction-following through content; adversarial examples traditionally exploit learned decision boundaries, though the categories can overlap.

Check your understanding

Explain what perturbation is allowed, what the attacker wants, and whether a human would see the example as equivalent.